summary 3

     

      Since a hundred years ago the electricity was the most important invention ever discovered and if you look around yourself you will know that most of your life is working with electricity but we were wondering how the electricity works. Here we go; in this article you will find how the electricity is generated.

     In 1827 there were many men who started to experiment in electromagnetic fields. However in 1832 Michael Faraday discovered the operating principle of electromagnetic generators. Michael Faraday built the first electrical generator with DC output voltage. It was very simple but in his time the electricity was the most attractive subject that people talked about so at that time there were many scientists working on the electromagnetic fields. In the same year Hippolyte Pixii made the dynamo. The dynamo was the first electrical generator that generated an AC voltage. Hippolyte Pixii inscribes his name in the history because of his invention; however Michael Faraday also did.

 Because in any generators we have to use Faraday's law which says:

'Where e is the instantaneous induced voltage, N the number of turns in the coil, φ the flux in webers, and t the time in seconds'.

accessscience.com

     The generator's principle is that a machine converts the mechanical energy to electrical energy. It is basically a coil connected with a shaft located between two magnetic fields. When the shaft rotates it produces electricity. This shaft can be driven by steam or gas or wind or flowing water etc. There are many ways to drive the shaft to rotate. There are many different types of generators. They are classified by their output. The output of generators can be measured by three units which are Amps, Volts and Watts. To imagine how the electricity works imagine that the electricity is the water and the generator is the pump; also the wires are the pipes. Then imagine that the amount of the water flowing in the pipe is the amount of electrons flowing in the wire; that’s what we call a current and it's measured in amps. Also the voltage of the electricity can be compared with the pressure of the water and it's measured in volts.

howstuffworks.com

     This is general information about the generators and how they work.

http://0-www.accessscience.com.library.hct.ac.ae/content.aspx?searchStr=generators&id=284800

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generators

http://science.howstuffworks.com/electricity2.htm

wikipedia.org

summary 2

Renewable Energy

Since the early Stone Age human beings were struggling for a decent living. They were inventing an invention every time to improve their life. Until they discovered electricity in the 17^th century. The electricity is a great discovery because no one can imagine how life will be without electricity. However there are many sources of energy which can be used. I'm going to write about three types of renewable and clean energy.

The first source is the sun. The sunlight can generate energy by a simple principle. This is called the solar cell. It has three major processes which are absorption of the sunlight in the semiconductor material, generation and separation of free positive and negative charges. The solar cell is a very clean source but the problem is that it's generating a very weak voltage. It needs a lot of area and it costs a lot of money to be a useful energy.

http://www.accessscience.com/sun+energy&id=633000

The second source of the clean energy is the wind turbines. Since the Middle Ages the windmills were a very useful machine. They were used in many different ways. These days the windmills are used in the field of energy. They can generate a lot of electricity when located in a wind field, in those countries which have a lot of wind allround the year. http://www.accessscience.com/future+energy&id=YB021005

The third source of clean energy is the power of water. The potential energy of the water is one of the most powerful sources of energy. The human beings convert the potential energy of the water to electricity by the principle of the electrical generators. The water is driven to a turbine to make it rotate to generate electricity. This energy is called hydropower. Most of the electricity stations around the world are using it. http://www.accessscience.com/Hydropower+energy&id=YB041150

Finally this article talks about a big subject in a few lines. We hope to save our energy and use it in a proper way because if we do not maintain it we will live in a very difficult life.

Bibliography

K. W. Mitchell, Margorie L. Tatro, "Solar cell," in AccessScience, ©McGraw-Hill Companies, 2008, http://www.accessscience.com/

http://0-www.accessscience.com.library.hct.ac.ae/content.aspx?searchStr=sun+energy&id=633000

C. P. van Dam, "Wind turbines," in AccessScience, ©McGraw-Hill Companies, 2002, http://www.accessscience.comhttp://0-www.accessscience.com.library.hct.ac.ae/content.aspx?searchStr=future+energy&id=YB021005

Saifur Rahman, "Renewable energy sources," in AccessScience, ©McGraw-Hill Companies, 2004, http://www.accessscience.com/

http://0-www.accessscience.com.library.hct.ac.ae/content.aspx?searchStr=Hydropower+energy&id=YB041150

What about me?

 My name is Hussain AlAttas. Most people I know call me Bo Ali because my son's name is Ali. I'm 23 years old. I have only one son and I'm happy with my family.  I live in Al-Ain so I have to come every day to Abu Dhabi. However, I plan to share an accommodation with my friend near the college and I have to leave my family in Al Ain.

 I was working in Ruwais refinery but now I'm sponsored in the Higher College of Technology by my company Takreer which is one of the ADNOC group companies. I  have many hobbies like watching movies, playing video games, traveling and playing billiards.  

My favorite hobby is playing billiards. I'm a good player but still I have a long way to be a professional player. Also I like traveling very much because I discover new places, see new faces and learn different cultures. I have traveled to many places but my best trip I had was to Italy and France. It was an amazing journey. I really liked it and I'm planning to visit every tourist place in the world. My dream is to have Bachelor's in economics or business, but destiny wants me to be an electronics engineer because my company required that so I will do my best and God will help me.